{"id":477411,"date":"2023-08-09T09:14:25","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T09:14:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/wiki\/handle\/"},"modified":"2023-09-05T11:14:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T11:14:40","slug":"handle","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wiki\/handle\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Handle \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 DOIs (\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0648ARKs (\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636<\/th>\n<th>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 Handle Servers\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u0637<\/th>\n<th>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>DOI (\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ARK (\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 ARK \u0648Handle \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 ARK \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a Handle \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>URN (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f)<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 URNs \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 Handle \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 Blockchain<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 blockchain \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (DIDs)<\/strong>: \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 OneProxy\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 Handle \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.handle.net\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnri.reston.va.us\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (CNRI)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f Handle \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 Handle \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 OneProxy \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 Handles\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477411","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Handle: A Comprehensive Guide<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is Handle and how does it work?","answer":"<p>Handle, also known as Handle System, is a unique and globally distributed system used for persistent identification of digital objects on the internet. It provides a reliable and permanent identifier, or Handle, for each object. The Handle System works through a network of servers called Handle Resolvers. When a user requests to access a digital object with a Handle identifier, the Handle Resolver locates the object's current location and provides the necessary information to retrieve it.<\/p>"},{"question":"What is the history behind the creation of Handle?","answer":"<p>Handle was created in the early 1990s by Robert E. Kahn and his team at Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI). It was designed to address the limitations of using URLs for persistent identification. The first formal mention of Handle was in 1994, and since then, it has been widely adopted, particularly in academic and research communities.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of Handle?","answer":"<p>Handle offers several important features, including persistence, scalability, interoperability, flexibility, and security. It provides a consistent identifier for digital objects over time, is capable of managing a large number of identifiers across various organizations, can work with other identifier schemes, allows for custom metadata, and can be secured with authentication mechanisms.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does Handle compare to other identifier systems like DOI and ARK?","answer":"<p>Handle shares similarities with DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and ARK (Archival Resource Key) in terms of providing persistent identification for digital resources. However, DOI is primarily used in scholarly publishing, whereas Handle is more versatile across domains. ARK is often used for archival purposes, while Handle has broader applications and provides resolution and location independence.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of Handles exist?","answer":"<p>There are several types of Handles based on their use:<\/p><ol><li>Public Handles: Openly accessible for public digital resources.<\/li><li>Private Handles: Used for restricted access resources requiring authentication.<\/li><li>Batch Handles: Created in bulk for large-scale projects.<\/li><li>Personal Handles: Obtained by individuals for their personal resources.<\/li><li>Service Handles: Represent services or applications.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"How can proxy servers like OneProxy be associated with Handle?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers like OneProxy enhance the use of Handles by improving access speed through caching Handle resolutions. They also enable geo-unblocking, load balancing, and provide an additional layer of privacy and security for users accessing Handles.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the future technologies related to Handle?","answer":"<p>The future of Handle includes potential integration with blockchain for enhanced security and immutability, as well as the incorporation of Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) for more decentralized identification options. Semantic web integration is also envisioned to enable richer metadata and better resource discoverability.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can Handle be used in various domains?","answer":"<p>Handle has diverse applications, including academic publishing, research data management, digital archives, and cultural heritage preservation. It ensures long-term access and traceability of digital resources in these domains.<\/p>"},{"question":"How can I learn more about Handle?","answer":"<p>For more information about Handle, you can visit the official Handle System website (handle.net) and the website of Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI).<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477411\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}