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\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1. \u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 Ethernet\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2. \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645.<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a 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\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0643\u0633<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 5G \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/docs\/lan-switching\/ethernet\/17056-741-4.html\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 1: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/half-duplex-vs-full-duplex-networking\/\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 2: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tutorialspoint.com\/half-duplex-vs-full-duplex-in-communication\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 3: \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-477405","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":{"faq_title":"Frequently Asked Questions about <mark>Half Duplex: Unraveling the Communication Paradigm<\/mark>","faq_items":[{"question":"What is half duplex communication?","answer":"<p>Half duplex communication is a mode of data transmission in telecommunications and computer networking, where data can be sent and received over a shared channel, but not simultaneously. It allows data flow in one direction at a time, in contrast to full duplex, which allows simultaneous two-way communication.<\/p>"},{"question":"How did half duplex communication originate?","answer":"<p>The concept of half duplex dates back to the early days of telegraphy and telephony when communication systems used simple electrical circuits. The first mention of half duplex can be found in early telegraphy manuals and patents.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does half duplex communication work?","answer":"<p>In half duplex communication, devices use a shared channel for both transmission and reception. Devices take turns transmitting and receiving data. When one device transmits, others must wait until the channel becomes available.<\/p>"},{"question":"What are the key features of half duplex?","answer":"<p>The key features of half duplex include its simplicity, collision avoidance, and suitability for applications where simultaneous two-way communication is not essential.<\/p>"},{"question":"What types of half duplex exist?","answer":"<p>Half duplex communication can be categorized into two main types:<\/p><ol><li>Wired Half Duplex: Implemented in wired networks, such as Ethernet, using shared cables.<\/li><li>Wireless Half Duplex: Utilizes wireless channels and time-division techniques to alternate between transmitting and receiving data.<\/li><\/ol>"},{"question":"What are the applications of half duplex communication?","answer":"<p>Half duplex finds application in various scenarios, including:<\/p><ul><li>Walkie-Talkies and push-to-talk devices<\/li><li>Early Ethernet networks<\/li><li>Certain radio communication systems<\/li><\/ul>"},{"question":"What are the challenges associated with half duplex?","answer":"<p>Challenges with half duplex include duplex mismatch in mixed networks, potential collisions, and occasional performance degradation due to retransmissions.<\/p>"},{"question":"How does half duplex compare to full duplex?","answer":"<table><thead><tr><th><strong>Characteristic<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Half Duplex<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Full Duplex<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Data Transmission<\/td><td>One direction at a time<\/td><td>Simultaneous two-way communication<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Channel Usage<\/td><td>Shared channel<\/td><td>Dedicated channel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Complexity<\/td><td>Simple<\/td><td>More complex<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Throughput<\/td><td>Lower<\/td><td>Higher<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Collisions<\/td><td>Possible<\/td><td>Avoided<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>"},{"question":"What is the future outlook for half duplex communication?","answer":"<p>While full duplex and advanced wireless technologies are becoming more prevalent, half duplex will likely continue to find use in specific applications that require cost-effectiveness and simplicity.<\/p>"},{"question":"How are proxy servers related to half duplex?","answer":"<p>Proxy servers can be employed in networks using half duplex technology to enhance efficiency and security. They can cache frequently accessed content, balance server loads, and add a layer of security by acting as intermediaries between clients and servers.<\/p>"}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477405","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/477405\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oneproxy.pro\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}